UC-NRLF 


C    2    bD2    flVS 


DOCUMENTS 


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THE    SHIPBUILDERS 


Constructed  During  the.  War 
Under  the  DirtLiwn  of 

UNilED    STAiLS.  SHIPPING    BOARD 

EMERGENCY   FLEET   CORPORATION 

PASSENGER  TRANSPORTATION  AND 

HOUSING  DIVISION 


PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

MCMXX 


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HOUSING 
THE    SHIPBUILDERS 


Constructed  During  the  War 
Under  the  Direction  of 

UNITED  STATES  SHIPPING  BOARD 
EMERGENCY  FLEET  CORPORATION 
PASSENGER  TRANSPORTATION  AND 

HOUSING  DIVISION 


PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

MCMXX 


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When  America  entered  the  Great  War  she  found  there  existed  a  world- 
wide ship  famine.  The  enormous  destruction  by  the  German  submarines 
had  forced  the  Allied  Nations  to  recall  their  ships  from  the  trade  routes  of 
the  world  to  transport  and  supply  their  armies  in  the  field. 

America  undertook  to  place  in  France  an  army  many  times  larger  than 
was  ever  before  transported  over  seas,  with  the  vast  armament  and  supplies 
required  for  a  modern  army. 

Thousands  of  ships  must  be  built  for  this  purpose  with  all  possible 
speed  if  the  war  was  to  be  won.  The  solution  of  this  problem  was  placed 
in  the  hands  of  the  hastily  created  United  States  Shipping  Board  and  the 
Emergency  Fleet  Corporation. 

All  ships  under  construction  were  immediately  requisitioned.  Exist- 
ing shipyards  were  extended,  new  yards  built  in  all  parts  of  the  country 
of  a  capacity  and  magnitude  undreamed  of  before  in  the  history  of  ship- 
building. 

Existing  housing  facilities  were  obviously  inadequate  to  meet  this 
demand  in  addition  to  the  needs  of  the  many  other  Government  war  activ- 
ities in  the  same  localities.  The  existing  housing  facilities  in  the  sections  of 
Government  activity  were  hopelessly  inadequate  and  the  construction  of 
housing  was  compulsory  as  an  essential  element  in  the  successful  prosecu- 
tion of  the  shipbuilding  program. 

Congress  appropriated  ^75,000,000  to  provide  houses  for  shipbuilders. 
Thirty-one  housing  developments  were  carried  out,  comprising  8648  dwell- 
ings; 92  apartment  buildings,  containing  849  apartments  and  no  stores; 
94  dormitories,  containing  3232  rooms;  5  hotels  with  a  total  of  1054  rooms; 
and  6  boarding  houses  with  245  rooms. 

Many  of  these  houses  have  been  sold  individually  to  the  shipbuilders 
and  the  public  on  ten-year  deferred  payment  plan.  Some  of  the  develop- 
ments have  been  sold  outright  to  Shipbuilding  Companies  whose  plants 
are  permanent  to  house  their  employees.  Others  are  being  held  by  the 
Emergency  Fleet  Corporation  through  local  realty  companies  and  are  being 
rented  to  the  employees  of  the  shipyards  and  to  the  general  public. 

The  illustrations  on  the  following  pages  show  views  and  plans  of  the 
villages  and  the  general  character  of  the  houses  built.  Many  of  the  plans 
were  made  by  architects  imbued  with  the  "Garden  City  Idea,"  and,  while 


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they  are  attractive  for  general  suburban  development,  are  too  ambitious 
and  expensive  for  practical  dwellings  for  the  general  run  of  workmen.  Many- 
valuable  and  helpful  suggestions  we  believe,  however,  can  be  gathered  from 
the  housing  carried  out  by  the  Emergency  Fleet  Corporation  in  connection 
with  the  war  activities  of  the  Government. 

This  publication  does  not  assume  to  be  a  report  of  record  of  the  work 
of  the  Housing  Division  of  the  United  States  Shipping  Board  and  Emer- 
gency Fleet  Corporation;  but  is  the  gathering  together  of  only  a  few  repre- 
sentative drawings  and  photographs  showing  in  general  way  the  housing 
provided  for  the  accommodations  of  shipyard  workers.  These  typical 
examples  will  give  an  idea  of  the  general  character  and  scope  of  the  results 
accomplished  in  a  new  and  difficult  housing  field.  In  general,  the  plans 
and  photographs  shown  are  self-explanatory. 


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YORKSHIP  VILLAGE 


PLOT  PLAN 


CAMDEN,  N.  J. 


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riB-ST      TLOOIC    PLAN 


SECOND     FLOOR,    PLAN 


YORKSH]P  VILLAGE 


SINGLE  HOUSE 


CAMDEN,  N.  J. 


SECOND    FLO  OIL   PLAN 


TIK.ST    FLOOR.  PLAN 


THREE-FAMILY  HOUSE 


YORKSHIP  VILLAGE 


CAMDEN,  N.  J. 


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THREE  -FAMILY      HOUSE 


SECOND      TLOOR.    PIAN 


FIKST      FLOOT^     PLAN 


THREE  <-  TAMILY      HOUSE 

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rilLST    FLOOB..  PLAN 


SECOND   TIOOIL  PLAN 


YORKSHIP  VILLAGE 


THREE-FAMILY  HOUSES 
(See  paces  6  and  8) 


CAMDEN,  N.  J. 


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SECOND    FLOOR.    PLAK 


FIR5T     FLOOR,  PLAN 


TYPICAL  FLOOR  PLAN 


PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 


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NOREG  VILLAGE 


PLOT  PLAN 


GLOUCESTER,  N.  J. 


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IIKJST     nOOIC   PL  AM 


SECOND   PIOOBOPLAN 


BUCKMAN  VILLAGE 


SEMI-DETACHED  HOUSES 


CHESTER,  PA. 


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BLOCK      PL  ATSr 


BUCKMAN  VILLAGE 


PLOT  PLAN 


CHESTER.  PA. 


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BUILDINGS  GROUPED  WITH  A  COMMON  FORECOURT 


FIE^T     nOOE-PLAN 


SiCOS>!D  TLOOB.'PLAN 


BUCKMAN  VILLAGE 


FOUR-FAMILY  APARTMENTS 


CHESTER,  PA. 


24 


A  STREET  SCENE  IN  BUCKMAN  CHESTER,  PA. 

Instead  of  Solid  Rows  of  Houses  a  Block  in  Length,  the  Houses  are  Built  in  Units  of  from  Three  to 
Seven  or  Eight  Houses.     There  are  also  Twin  Houses. 

5v  courtesy  of  City  Parks  Association,  Phi/a. 


ENTRANCE  TO  A  BACK  ALLEY  AT  BUCKMAN 

By  courtesy  of  City  Parks  dissociation,  Phila. 


CHESTER,  PA. 


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TIR^T    TLOOK^PLAN  SSCOi^JD  TLOOE_-PXAN 


BUCKMAN  VILLAGE 


FOUR-FAMILY  ROW  HOUSES 


CHESTER,  PA. 


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rilLST    JLOOIUPLAJsr 


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SECOKD   ILOOIL.  PLANT 


'SUN  HILL" 


THREE-FAMILY  HOUSE 


CHESTER,  PA. 


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GARAGE  ROW— "SUN  HILL" 


'SUN  HILL" 


AN  ALLEY  IN  "SUN  HILL" 


CHESTER,  PA. 


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BLOCK       P  LAN 

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CHESTER,  PA. 


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SECOND  FLOOR.  PLAN 


SUN  VILLAGE 


SEMI-DETACHED  HOUSES 


CHESTER,  PA. 


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FOUR-FAMILY  HOUSES 


CHESTER,  PA. 


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UNION  PARK  GARDENS 


SEMI-DETACHED  HOUSES 


WILMINGTON,  DEL. 


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BLOCK        PLAN 

Scale  "■■fcid°  I   T  I    f "  I  T=c=A-/eef 


PLOT  PLAN 


DUNDALK,  MD. 


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DUNDALK,  MD. 


SEMI-DETACHED  HOUSES 


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DUNDALK,  MD. 


STREET  VIEWS 


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BLOCK     PLAN    ^^ 


ATLANTIC  HEIGHTS 


PLOT  PLAN 


PORTSMOUTH,  N.  H. 


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FOUR,-FAMILY     B.OW    HOUSES 


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FlIUT-  FLOOR.   PLAN 


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ATLANTIC  HEIGHTS 


PORTSMOUTH,  N.  H. 


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BLOCK         PLAN 


ATLANTIC  HEIGHTS 


PORTSMOUTH,  N.  H. 


This  Interesting  Grouping  Resulted  from  the  Recognition  of  a  Large  Natural  Rock  Out-crop 

JUST  Inside  the  Curb  Line 


43 


SIMI  -DETACHED    HOUSES 


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rilLST     TLOOE--  PLAN 


SECOKD   rLOOIL-PLAN 


LORAIN,  OHIO 


44 


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rjRST     FLOOR.  PLAN 


SECOND    FLOOR^PLAN 


LORAIN,  OHIO 


45 


buld's-eye     view 


BATH,  MAINE 
This  Group  was  Built  for  Dormitory  Purposes,  so  Planned  as  To  be  Convertible  to  Semi- 

(See  page  47) 


detached    Houses. 


46 


DETACHED      HOUSE 

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SECOND    TLOOK,  PLAK 


BATH,  MAINE 


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FIRST-  FLOOR.   PLAN  .5ECOND  ■  FLOOR-PLAN - 

BATH,  MAINE 


(See  page  45) 


48 


FOUR.~  FAMILY      HOUSE 


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riRST    FLOOK  PLAN 


SECOND    FLOOR    PLAN 


SOUTH  PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 


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DETACHED      HOUSE 


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FIILST    TLOOK   PLAN 


FLETCHER  PARK 


SOUTH  JACKSONVILLE,  FLA. 


50 


DETACHED      HOUSE 


PORXH- 
7-6"  X-  26-o" 


rilLST    TLOOB.  PLAN 


FLETCHER  PARK 


SOUTH  JACKSONVILLE,  FLA. 


51 


DETACHED     HOUSE 

=i-Jree 


FIR.ST     FLOOIL  PLAN 


SECOND    FLOOIL  PLAN 


WYANDOTTE,  MICHIGAN 


52 


DETACHED       HOUSE 


Scale.  %n 


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riR5T    FLOOIC  PLAN 


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SECOND    FLOOIC  PLAN 


RIVERVIEW  TERRACE 


MANITOWOC,  WIS. 


33 


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DETACHED       HOUSE 

Scale  T I  I  I         -I   y^a/- 


:^BD 


FIB_ST    TLOOR,  PLAN 


SECOND    FLOOR-  PLAJST 


RIVERVIEW  TERRACE 


MANITOWOC,  WIS. 


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NEWBURGH,  NEW  YORK 


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SEMI-DETACHED       HOUSE 

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riRST    FLOOB^  PLAN 


SECOND  FLOOIC  PLAN 


NEWBURGH,  NEW  YORK 


56 


DETACHED      HOUSE 


J'     f    o  5         io         IS         ao  jT      - 


PIILST      FLOOR.    PLAN 


CLYDE, 


SUISUN  BAY 


CALIFORNIA 


57 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

DOCUMENTS  DEPT. 

This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 

Renewed  books  are  subject  to  immediate  recalL 


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1,D  21-20m-8,'61 
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IVreC'D 


MAY  2  9  ?nnF 


JUN  2  9  2005 


General  Library 

University  of  California 

Berkeley 


"B 


YE  05246 


